Cell Cycle Control

Preface Since the mid-1980s, there has been an explosion in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cell cycle transitions. At the core of this progress is the realization that a family of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) catalyzes the events of the cell cycle by phosphorylating numerous target proteins, thereby triggering the replication and segregation of the chromo- somes. Despite this key insight, much remains to be learned about the regulation and action of the Cdks. The elucidation of the regulatory net- works impinging on the Cdks is an ongoing challenge. Moreover, the cata- loging of the substrates of Cdks and an understanding of how phosphoryla- tion of these targets results in the execution of cell cycle events remain unfulfilled goals in most experimental systems. Apart from the unraveling of the mechanisms of cell cycle transitions, the description of the many biological contexts in which cell cycle control is a key determinant is an everblossoming area of research. It is well established (or highly likely) that cell cycle regulators play critical roles in the commitment to terminal differentiation, progression to malignant transformation, triggering of apoptosis, and attainment of senescence. The study of cell cycle molecules in these contexts will be of great intellectual and practical importance. A critical feature of cell cycle research is that complementary studies of diverse organisms and experimental systems have resulted in a synergistic rate of progress in our understanding of key regulatory paradigms. The conserved nature of cell cycle control mechanisms in vertebrates, marine invertebrates, and yeast has facilitated a rapid acquisition of universally applicable principles. In recognition of this process of discovery, this volume is largely subdivided according to the major experimental systems that are widely used by current cell researchers. Specifically, sections of the volume are devoted to mammalian cells, various yeasts, and several "embryonic" systems. In addition, there is one section on techniques that generally can be applied regardless of the experimental organism. We thank the various authors who took the time to describe their experimental methods in a clear and accessible manner. It is hoped that these articles will serve as a resource for future progress in this rapidly burgeoning area of science. WILLIAM G. DUNPHY VX Contributors to Volume 283 Article numbers are in parentheses following the names of contributors. Affiliations listed are current. PETER D. ADAMS (5), Dana-Farber Cancer HERMANN BUJARD (12), Zentrum far Molek- ,etutitsnI Boston, sttesuhcassaM 51120 eralu Biologie, 02196 ,grebledieH Germany NATALIE G. AnN (3), Howard Hughes Medi- JUDITH L. CAMPBELL (30), Braun Labora- lac Institute, Department of Chemistry ,seirot California Institute of ,ygolonhceT and Biochemistry, University of ,odaroloC ,anedasaP California 52119 Boulder, Colorado 90308 ANTONY M. CARR (36), MRC Cell Mutation NEROS S. L. ANDERSEN (2), EMBL, Cell ,tinU Sussex ,ytisrevinU Brighton BN1 9RR, Biology Programme, D 69117 ,grebledieH detinU Kingdom ynamreG REY-HuEI CHEN (43), Department of -loisyhP CHANG BAI (11), Verna and Marrs McLean ogy, University of California, naS Fran- Department of Biochemistry, Howard ,ocsic San ,ocsicnarF ainrofilaC 4440-34149 Hughes Medical ,etutitsnI Baylor egelloC of YONG 1HC (28), California Institute of -hceT ,enicideM Houston, Texas 03077 nology, ,anedasaP California 52119 MOHAN K. NAINAMARBUSALAB (37), Howard JAMES P. J. CHONG (41), Imperial Cancer Re- Hughes Medical Institute and Department search Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University South Mimms, Hefts. EN6 3LD, England School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee DAWN COVERLEY (40), Wellcome/CRC 23273 Institute, Cambridge 2BC 1QR, United UDO BARON (2), Zentrum fiir Molekulare Kingdom ,eigoloiB 69120 ,grebledieH Germany VINCENT L. CRYNS (7), Department of Cell DOUGLAS E. BASSETr, JR. (10), Department of Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, raluceloM Biology and ,sciteneG ehT Johns sttesuhcassaM 51120 Hopkins University School of ,enicideM ,eromitlaB Maryland ,5812-50212 and ehT JAMES DEGREGORI (15), Department of -eG National Center for Biotechnology Infor- ,sciten Howard Hughes Medical ,etutitsnI mation, National Library of ,enicideM Duke University Medical ,retneC Durham, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, North Carolina 01772 Maryland 49802 RAYMOND J. DESHAIES (28), California Insti- J. JULIAN BLOW (41), Imperial Cancer Re- tute of Technology, Pasadena, ainrofilaC search Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, 52119 South Mimms, Hefts. EN6 3LD, England JOHN F. X. DIFFLEY (29), Imperial recnaC MARK BOGUSKI (10), ehT National retneC for Research Fund, Clare Hall ,seirotarobaL Biotechnology Information, National Li- South Mimms, Hefts. EN6 3LD, United brary of Medicine, National Institutes of Kingdom ,htlaeH Bethesda, Maryland 49802 WENDY J. DIXON (30), Braun ,seirotarobaL ANGELIKA L. BON1N (12), BASF hcraeseroiB ainrofilaC Institute of Technology, Pasa- Corporation, Worcester, Massachusetts ,aned California 52119 4134-50610 WILLIAM G. DUNPHY (42), Division of Biol- LINDA L. BREEDEN (25), Fred Hutchinson ,ygo Howard Hughes Medical ,etutitsnI -laC recnaC Research ,retneC Division of Basic ifornia Institute of Technology, ,anedasaP ,secneicS Seattle, Washington 90189 ainrofilaC 52119 ix X CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 283 B. D. THCALNYD (17), Department of -uceloM NEELHTAK L. GOULD (37), Howard Hughes ral and Cellular Biology, Harvard Medical Medical Institute and Department of Cell School, ,egdirbmaC sttesuhcassaM 83120 Biology, Vanderbilt University School of NAIHR J. SDRAWDE (36), MRC Cell Mutation ,enicideM Nashville, Tennessee 23273 ,tinU Sussex ,ytisrevinU Brighton BN1 9RR, FFLOW HCILUARG (23), Institut far Moleku- detinU Kingdom larbiologie und Tumorforschung (IMT), S. J. EGDELLE (11, ,71 31), Verna and Marts -sppilihP Universititt Marburg, D-35033 McLean Department of Biochemistry, De- ,grubraM Germany partment of Molecular and Human Genet- NEVETS I. HAASE (24), Department of -celoM ,sci Baylor College of Medicine, Howard ular Biology, ehT Scripps Research Insti- Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas ,etut La Jolla, California 73029 03077 E. WOLRAH (17), sttesuhcassaM GeneralHos- RETEP A. SETNAF (34), Institute of Cell and pital Cancer Center, Charlestown, -assaM Molecular Biology, University of Edin- sttesuhc 292120 burgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, United J. W. HARPER (16, 17), Department of Bio- Kingdom chemistry, Baylor College of ,enicideM ANNE ZEDNANREF (6), Cell Biology ,tinU Houston, Texas 03077 ertneC de Recherche ed Biochimie °orcaM ,erialucelom Centre National ed al Recher- MARVA OKHSREH (46), Unit of ,yrtsimehcoiB ehc ,euqifitneicS 34033 Montpellier ,xedeC Rappaport Faculty of enicideM and Rappa- port Institute for Research ni Medical Sci- ecnarF ,secne Technion-Israel Institute of -lonhceT LLESSUR R. REHCNIP (39), The Weis Center ogy, Haifa ,69013 Israel for Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, Pennsylvania 22871 PILIHP HIETER (10), Department of raluceloM Biology and ,sciteneG The Johns Hopkins TREBOR P. REHSIF (19), Program in Cell Biol- ytisrevinU School of ,enicideM ,eromitlaB ogy and ,sciteneG Memorial -retteK-naolS Maryland 5812-50212 gni Cancer ,retneC New York, New York 12001 AIXGN1M HUANG (31), Verna and Marts ELLA HCILUERF (18), Department of Biologi- McLean Department of ,yrtsimehcoiB De- lac Sciences, Columbia University, New partment of Molecular and Human Genet- York, New York 72001 ,sci Baylor College of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, Texas ENIBAS BEILDNUERF (12), Zentrum far Mo- 03077 lekulare Biologie, 69120 Heidelberg, ynamreG OLZSAL JAKOI (15), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Genetics, Duke WERDNA M. YRF (20), Department of -uceloM ytisrevinU Medical ,retneC Durham, North ral Biology, ytisrevinU of ,aveneG 1121 -eG aniloraC 01772 neva ,4 Switzerland NITRAM FUNK (23), MediGene AG, 25128-D LATA NAMARAYAJ (18), Department of Bio- ,hcinuM/deirsnitraM Germany lacigol ,secneicS Columbia ,ytisrevinU New York, New York 72001 DAVID M. GLOVER (47), Cancer hcraeseR ,ngiapmaC Cell Cycle Genetics Group, De- YNOHTNA L. NOSNHOJ (26), Division of Yeast partment of Anatomy and Physiology, Med- ,sciteneG National Institute for Medical Iaci secneicS ,etutitsnI ytisrevinU of ,eednuD Research, London NW7 1AA, United Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland Kingdom DERFNAM NESSOG (12), Division of Biochem- DNALEL H. NOTSNHOJ (26), Division of Yeast yrtsi and Molecular Biology, Department of ,sciteneG National Institute for Medical Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Research, London NW7 1AA, United ,ainrofilaC Berkeley, California 02749 Kingdom CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 283 xi WILLIAM G. KAELIN, .RJ (5), Dana-Farber STUART A. MACNEILL (34), Institute of lleC Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts and Molecular Biology, ytisrevinU of Edin- 51120 burgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom ERIC KARSENTI (2), EMB L, Cell Biology Pro- gramme, D 69117 ,grebledieH Germany MARK A. MADINE (40), Wellcome/CRC Institute, Cambridge 2BC 1QR, United BRUCE E. KEMP (31), .tS Vincent' s Institute of Kingdom lacideM ,hcraeseR Victoria ,5603 Australia HIRO M. H. MAHBUBANI (41), Imperial -naC SUNG-Hou KIM (9), Melvin Calvin Labora- rec Research Fund, Clare Hall Labora- tory, University of California, Berkeley, ,seirot South Mimms, Herts. EN6 3LD, Berkeley, California 02749 England RANDALL W. KING (7), Department of lleC DANNELL McCOLLUM (37), Howard Hughes Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Medical Institute and Department of Cell sttesuhcassaM 51120 Biology, Vanderbilt University School of MARC W. KIRSCHNER (7), Department of lleC ,enicideM Nashville, Tennessee 23273 ,ygoloiB Harvard Medical School, Boston, THOMAS J. MCGARRY (7), Department of lleC sttesuhcassaM 51120 Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, sttesuhcassaM 51120 SALLY KORNBLUTH (45), Department of Mo- lecular Cancer Biology, Duke ytisrevinU PAUL E. MEAD (7), Howard Hughes lacideM Medical Center, Durham, North aniloraC Institute and Children's Hospital, Harvard 01772 Medical School, Boston, sttesuhcassaM 51120 AKIKO KUMAGAI (42), Division of Biology, LAURENT MEIJER (9), Centre National ed al ainrofilaC Institute of Technology, Pasa- ehcrehceR ,euqifitneicS Station Biologique ,aned California 52119 ed Roscoff, 29682 Roscoff ,xedeC ecnarF NED J. C. LAMB (6), Cell Biology ,tinU ertneC SEROIO MORENO (4), Instituto ed Microbi- ed Recherche ed Biochimie Macromolecu- ologia Bioquimica, CSIC/Universidad ed ,erial Centre National ed al Recherche Sci- ,acnamalaS Edificio ,latnemtrapeD Campus ,euqifitne 34033 Montpellier ,xedeC ecnarF Miguel ed Unamuno, 37007 ,acnamalaS XIAOHONG LENG (10, Department of Bio- niapS chemistry, Baylor College of ,enicideM ROLE MOLLER (23), Institut far Molekular- Houston, Texas 03077 biologie und Tumorforschung (1MT), GUSTAVO LEONE (15), Howard Hughes -ideM -sppilihP t~itisrevinU Marburg, D-35033 lac ,etutitsnI Department of ,sciteneG Duke ,grubraM Germany ytisrevinU Medical ,retneC Durham, North DOMINIK MUMBERG (23), Department of aniloraC 01772 Pathology, The University of ,ogacihC ,ogacihC Illinois 73606 DANIEL J. LEW (24), Department of raluceloM recnaC Biology, Duke University Medical MONICA S. IMAKARUM (44), ABL-Basic -eR ,retneC Durham, North Carolina 01772 hcraes Program, NCI-Frederick recnaC -eR hcraes and Development ,retneC ,kcirederF PETER LOPEZ (5), Cytomation, Inc., Fort -loC Maryland 20712 ,snil Colorado 52508 ANDREW W. MURRAY (33, 42), Department KEVIN D. LUSTIG (7), Department of Cell Bi- of Physiology, University of California at ology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, San Francisco, naS Francisco, ainrofilaC sttesuhcassaM 51120 4440-34149 DAVID LYDALL (32), Department of -uceloM KENTARO NABESHIMA (35), Department of ral and ralulleC Biology, University of Ari- Biophysics, Faculty of ,ecneicS Kyoto -inU zona, Tucson, Arizona 12758 ,ytisrev Kyoto ,10-606 Japan xii CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 283 HPESOJ R. SNIVEN (15), Howard Hughes -deM NAOJ V. NAMREDUR (46), Department of lleC laci ,etutitsnI Department of ,sciteneG Duke Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, ytisrevinU Medical ,retneC Durham, North sttesuhcassaM 51120 aniloraC 01772 LUAP LLESSUR (38), Department of raluceloM C. UWGN (17), sttesuhcassaM General Hospi- Biology, The Scripps hcraeseR ,etutitsnI La lat Cancer ,retneC ,nwotselrahC -uhcassaM Jolla, California 73029 setts 292120 AICILA A. OSSUR (1), Memorial -retteK-naolS HCIRE A. NIGG (20), Department of Molecu- ing Cancer Center, Cellular Biochemistry ral Biology, ytisrevinU of ,aveneG 1121 -eG and Biophysics Program, New York, New neva ,4 Switzerland York 12001 URAHEKAT OTOMIHSIN (22), Department of IKAEGIHS SAITOH (35), Department of Bio- Molecular Biology, Graduate School of physics, Faculty of ,ecneicS Kyoto -revinU Medical ,ecneicS Kyushu ,ytisrevinU Fuku- ,ytis Kyoto ,10-606 Japan oka ,28-218 Japan ADNALOY ZEHCNAS (31), Verna and Marts SIRHC YRUBRON (4), Molecular Oncology McLean Department of ,yrtsimehcoiB Bay- Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Medi- lot College of Medicine, Houston, Texas ,enic John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 03077 9DU, United Kingdom ODARROC ELANACOTNAS (29), Imperial -naC NEHPETS A. INAMSO (39), The Weis Center rec Research Fund, Clare Hall Labora- for Research, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, ,seirot South Mimms, Hens. EN6 3LD, Pennsylvania 22871 detinU Kingdom SAII-HTAM PETER (27), Swiss Institute for Ex- MAILLIW R. SRELLES (5), Dana-Farber -naC perimental Cancer Research, (ISREC), rec Institute, Boston, sttesuhcassaM 51120 6601 Epalinges, Switzerland TREBOR J. FFAEHS (13), Division of Basic -icS NWAD E. SPLEHP (14), Lineberger Compre- ,secne Fred Hutchinson Cancer hcraeseR hensive Cancer Center, The University of ,retneC ,elttaeS Washington 40189 North aniloraC at Chapel Hill, Chapel ,lliH ORIHUZAK SHIOZAKI (38), Department of North Carolina 0823-99572 Molecular Biology, ehT Scripps hcraeseR NOHTANOJ SENIP (8), WeUcome/CRC etutitsnI ,etutitsnI La ,aUoJ California 73029 and Department of Zoology, Cambridge LILIA AVONAPETS (16), Department of Bio- 2BC 1QR, United Kingdom chemistry, Baylor College of ,enicideM YDNAR Y. C. NOOP (21), Department of -DiB Houston, Texas 03077 ,yrtsimehc Hong Kong ytisrevinU of ecneicS AARON F. THGIARTS (33), Department of and ,ygolonhceT retawraelC Bay, Kowloon, Physiology, University of California at Hong Kong San Francisco, San ,ocsicnarF ainrofilaC LORAC SEVIRP (18), Department of lacigoloiB 4440-34149 ,secneicS Columbia ,ytisrevinU New York, P. TODD GREBNEKUTS (7), Department of lleC New York 72001 Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, NYREHTAK A. RESING (3), Department of sttesuhcassaM 51120 yrtsimehC and Biochemistry, University of YRELAV NIKADUS (46), Unit of ,yrtsimehcoiB ,odaroloC Boulder, Colorado 90308 Rappaport Faculty of enicideM and Rappa- REKLOV EKCINb(R (23), Max-Planck-lnstitut port Institute for Research in Medical Sci- fiir klinische und physiologische ,gnuhcsroF ,secne Technion-Israel Institute of -lonhceT Kerckhoff-Institut, D-61231 Bad Nau- ogy, Haifa ,69013 Israel heim, Germany E. C. LLEDNIWS (17), Verna and Marts NOSILA SLEWOR (41), Imperial Cancer Re- McLean Department of ,yrtsimehcoiB Bay- search Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, lot College of Medicine, Houston, Texas South Mimms, Herts. EN6 3LD, England 03077 CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 283 xiii ORAVLk~/ TAVARES (47), Cancer Research YUE XIONG (14), Department of Biochemistry Campaign, Cell Cycle Genetics Group, De- and Biophysics, Program in Molecular Bi- partment of Anatomy and Physiology, Med- ology and Biotechnology, Lineberger Com- ical Sciences Institute, University of Dundee, prehensive Cancer Center, The University Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel PIA SEMM3tHT (41), Imperial Cancer Research Hill, North Carolina 0823-99572 Fund, Clare Hall Laboratories, South GANG XU (39), Department of Pathology and Mimms, Hefts. EN6 3LD, England Laboratory Medicine, University of Penn- NICOLE VALTZ (27), Programs in Genetics sylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, and Cell Biology, Department of Biochem- Pennsylvania 40191 istry and Biophysics, University of Califor- OR1HUSTIM YANAGIDA (35), Department of nia, San Francisco, San Francisco, Califor- Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Kyoto Uni- nia 8440-34149 versity, Kyoto ,10-606 Japan GEORGE F. VANDE WOUDE (44), ABL-Basic XIAN~ S. YE (39), The Weis Center for Re- Research Program, NCI-Frederick Cancer search, Geisinger Clinic, Danville, Pennsyl- Research and Development Center, Freder- vania 22871 ick, Maryland 20712 RATI VERMA (28), California Institute of JUNYING YUAN (7), Department of Cell Biol- Technology, Pasadena, California 52119 ogy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mas- sachusetts 51120 TED WEINERT (33), Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Ari- ZHENG ZHOC (31), Department of Biology, zona, Tucson, Arizona 12758 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, HEIKE WILHELM (2), EMBL, Cell Biology Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 Programme, D 69117Heidelberg, Germany LEONARD I. ZON (7), Howard Hughes Medi- J. WINSTON (17), Department of Biochemistry, cal Institute and Children's Hospital, Har- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, vard Medical School, Boston, Massachu- Texas 03077 setts 51120 METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY EMULOV I. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV II. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited by SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV III. Preparation and Assay of Substrates Edited yb SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV IV. Special Techniques for the Enzymologist Edited yb SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV V. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes Edited yb SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN 0. KAPLAN EMULOV VI. Preparation and Assay of Enzymes (Continued) Preparation and Assay of Substrates Special Techniques Edited by SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV VII. Cumulative Subject Index Edited by SIDNEY P. KCIWOLOC DNA NATHAN O. KAPLAN EMULOV VIII. Complex Carbohydrates Edited by ELIZABETH F. NEUEELD DNA VICTOR GRUBSNIG EMULOV IX. Carbohydrate Metabolism Edited by WILLIS A. WOOD EMULOV X. Oxidation and Phosphorylation Edited by RONALD W. KOORBATSE DNA MAYNARD E. NAMLLUP EMULOV XI. Enzyme Structure Edited by C. H. W. HIRS EMULOV XII. Nucleic Acids (Parts A and B) Edited by LAWRENCE NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE MOLDAVE EMULOV XIII. Citric Acid Cycle by Edited J. M. NIETSNEWOL EMULOV XIV. Lipids Edited by J. M. NIETSNEWOL EMULOV XV. Steroids and Terpenoids Edited by DNOMYAR B. NOTYALC EMULOV XVI. Fast Reactions Edited by KENNETH NITSUK xvii xviii METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY EMULOV XVII. Metabolism of Amino Acids and Amines (Parts A and B) Edited by TREBREH ROBAT DNA CELIA ETIHW ROBAT EMULOV XVIII. Vitamins and Coenzymes (Parts A, B, dna )C Edited by DLANOD B. McCoRMICK DNA LEUMEL D. THGIRW EMULOV XIX. Proteolytic Enzymes Edited by EDURTREG E. NNAMLREP DNA OLZSAL DNAROL EMULOV XX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part C) Edited by KIVIE ZVADLOM DNA ECNERWAL NAMSSORG EMULOV XXI. Nucleic Acids (Part D) Edited by ECNERWAL NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE EVADLOM EMULOV XXII. Enzyme Purification and Related Techniques Edited by MAILLIW B. YBOKAJ EMULOV XXIII. Photosynthesis (Part A) Edited by NAS YNOHTNA ORTEIP EMULOV XXIV. Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation (Part B) Edited by NAS YNOHTNA ORTEIP EMULOV XXV. Enzyme Structure (Part B) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XXVI. Enzyme Structure (Part C) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XXVII. Enzyme Structure (Part D) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XXVIII. Complex Carbohydrates (Part B) Edited by ROTCIV GRUBSNIG EMULOV XXIX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part E) Edited by ECNERWAL NAMSSORG DNA KIVIE ZVADLOM EMULOV XXX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part F) Edited by Klvm EVADLOM DNA ECNERWAL NAMSSORG EMULOV XXXI. Biomembranes (Part A) Edited by YENDIS REHCSIELF DNA RETSEL REKCAP EMULOV XXXII. Biomembranes (Part B) Edited by YENDIS REHCSIELF DNA RETSEL REKCAP EMULOV XXXIII. Cumulative Subject Index Volumes I-XXX Edited by AHTRAM G. SINNED DNA DRAWDE A. SINNED EMULOV XXXIV. Affinity Techniques (Enzyme Purification: Part B) Edited by MAILLIW B. YBOKAJ DNA MEIR KEHCLIW EMULOV XXXW. Lipids (Part B) Edited by NHOJ .M NIETSNEWOL METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY xix EMULOV XXXVI. Hormone Action (Part A: Steroid Hormones) Edited by BERT W. O'MALLEY DNA JOEL G. NAMDRAH EMULOV XXXVII. Hormone Action (Part B: Peptide Hormones) Edited by BERT W. O'MALLEY DNA JOEL G. NAMDRAH EMULOV XXXVIII. Hormone Action (Part C: Cyclic Nucleotides) Edited by JOEL G. HARDMAN AND BERT W. O'MALLEY EMULOV XXXIX. Hormone Action (Part D: Isolated Cells, Tissues, and Organ Systems) Edited by JOEL G. HARDMAN AND BERT W. O'MALLEY EMULOV XL. Hormone Action (Part E: Nuclear Structure and Function) Edited by BERT W. O'MALLEY DNA JOEL G. NAMDRAH EMULOV XLI. Carbohydrate Metabolism (Part B) Edited yb W. A. DOOW EMULOV XLII. Carbohydrate Metabolism (Part C) Edited yb W. A. WooD EMULOV XLIII. Antibiotics Edited by JOHN H. HASH EMULOV XLIV. Immobilized Enzymes Edited by SUALK HCABSOM EMULOV XLV. Proteolytic Enzymes (Part B) Edited yb OLZSAL DNAROL EMULOV XLVI. Affinity Labeling Edited by WILLIAM B. JAKOBY AND MEIR WILCHEK EMULOV XLVII. Enzyme Structure (Part E) Edited yb C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XLVIII. Enzyme Structure (Part F) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV XLIX. Enzyme Structure (Part G) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV n. Complex Carbohydrates (Part C) Edited yb ROTCIV GRUBSNIG EMULOV LI. Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotide Metabolism Edited by PATRICIA A. HOFFEE AND MARY ELLEN JONES EMULOV LII. Biomembranes (Part C: Biological Oxidations) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER EMULOV LIII. Biomembranes (Part D: Biological Oxidations) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER EMULOV LIV. Biomembranes (Part E: Biological Oxidations) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER XX METHODSIN ENZYMOLOGY EMULOV LV. Biomembranes (Part F: Bioenergetics) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND LESTER PACKER EMULOV LVI. Biomembranes (Part G: Bioenergetics) Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND RETSEL PACKER EMULOV LVII. Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence Edited by ENELRAM A. DELucA EMULOV LVIII. Cell Culture Edited by WILLIAM B. JAKOBY AND ARI PASTAN EMULOV LIX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part G) Edited by KIVlE MOLDAVE AND LAWRENCE GROSSMAN EMULOV LX. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part H) Edited by KIVIE MOLDAVE AND LAWRENCE GROSSMAN EMULOV .16 Enzyme Structure (Part H) Edited by C. H. W. HIRS DNA EGRES N. FFEHSAMIT EMULOV .26 Vitamins and Coenzymes (Part D) Edited by DONALD B. McCoRMICK AND LEMUEL D. WRIGHT EMULOV 63. Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism (Part A: Initial Rate and Inhibitor Methods) Edited by DANIEL L. PURICH EMULOV .46 Enzyme Kinetics and Mechanism (Part B: Isotopic Probes and Com- plex Enzyme Systems) Edited by DANIEL L. PURICH EMULOV .56 Nucleic Acids (Part I) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMAN AND KIVIE MOLDAVE EMULOV .66 Vitamins and Coenzymes (Part E) Edited by DONALD B. McCORMICK AND LEMUEL D. WRIGHT EMULOV .76 Vitamins and Coenzymes (Part F) Edited by DONALD B. McCORMICK AND LEMUEL D. WRIGHT VOLUME 68. Recombinant DNA Edited by YAR Wu EMULOV .96 Photosynthesis and Nitrogen Fixation (Part C) Edited by YNOHTNA NAS ORTEIP EMULOV .07 Immunochemical Techniques (Part A) Edited by HELEN VAN VUNAKIS AND JOHN J. LANGONE EMULOV .17 Lipids (Part C) Edited by NHOJ M. NIETSNEWOL EMULOV .27 Lipids (Part D) Edited by NHOJ M. NIETSNEWOL